Blood in Urine (Haematuria)

Haematuria is the presence of blood in the urine and can be a symptom of various underlying conditions. Blood in the urine can start anywhere in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. There are two main types of haematuria: microscopic, where blood is present in such small amounts that it can only be detected with a microscope, and macroscopic, where the blood is visible to the naked eye, often turning the urine a pink, red, or brownish colour.

Diagnosing haematuria involves a comprehensive approach. Initially, a detailed medical history and physical examination are conducted to identify potential causes. A urinalysis is typically performed to confirm the presence of blood and to look for signs of infection, crystals, or other anomalies. Depending on the findings, further diagnostic tests may include a urine culture, imaging studies like an ultrasound or a CT scan, and sometimes cystoscopy, where a camera is inserted into the bladder to look for abnormalities. These steps help pinpoint the source of the bleeding and guide appropriate treatment plans.

Haematuria, or the presence of blood in the urine, can be caused by a variety of factors. Common causes include urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can inflame and damage the urinary tract tissues, leading to bleeding. Kidney stones are another frequent cause; as these stones pass through the urinary tract, they can cause irritation and injury, resulting in visible blood. More serious conditions, such as bladder or kidney cancer, may also lead to haematuria as these diseases can cause bleeding within the urinary tract. Additionally, trauma to the kidneys or bladder and certain inherited disorders like polycystic kidney disease can result in blood appearing in the urine. Identifying the underlying cause of haematuria is crucial for effective treatment and management. If you notice blood in your urine, you should contact Dr Deanne via phone or our contact form here.

Treatment for haematuria, or the presence of blood in urine, depends largely on the underlying cause identified by Dr Deanne. It begins with a thorough medical history and physical examination, followed by diagnostic tests such as urine analysis, imaging studies, or cystoscopy. If an infection is detected, antibiotics are prescribed to eliminate the bacterial source. For patients with haematuria stemming from kidney stones, Dr Deanne often recommends increased fluid intake or, in some cases, lithotripsy to break down the stones. When the haematuria is due to underlying conditions such as bladder or kidney cancer, a tailored treatment plan involving surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation might be necessary.